why was france a threat to elizabeth in 1558 why was france a threat to elizabeth in 1558

How significant was the threat to Elizabeth I, posed by her Roman Catholic subjects in the years 1558-1588? In July, the Spanish fleet was seen off Cornwall and signal fires known as beacons were lit along the south coast to send the news to the Elizabeth who was in London. Doodle's Point of View They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and they were now being. Elizabeth I: a biography. To study the ways in which Henry consolidated his rule. However, the Catholic Church bans divorce which presented a problem for Henry as he could not legally get rid of Catherine. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. The Student Room and The Uni Guide are both part of The Student Room Group. Marys permanent presence in England meant that she was a rallying point for many Catholics, who believed she had a stronger claim to the English throne than Elizabeth. In this sense, the colonisation of Virginia should be understood in relation to the wider conflict with Spain. The second concern of legitimacy again comes from the marriage of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII. This meant that Elizabeth was declared illegitimate as her claim to the throne comes through the marriage of Anne to Henry. This led to a rampage of Spanish soldiers and the sacking of Antwerp. 1585 Treaty of Nonsuch This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish. "The Scarlet Ibis" would be a different story if it were told from Doodle's point of view. Queen Elizabeth has confiscated large portions of land from the Earl of Northumberland and given it his main rivals in the north and south who were both Protestant. Company Reg no: 04489574. Essentially, this meant England and Spain were now at war. Henry himself gave people cause . [A clear summary of the arguments, once more making the link between Mary, the Pope and Catholic interference.]. In 1558, England lost its final possession - the port of Calais - in France. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The Armada set sail in May 1588, but due to bad weather and attempts by an English fleet to intercept it, was delayed for several weeks in the Bay of Biscay. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 4th point + evidence. Most of the new ships were being built in the deepwater port Portuguese port of Lisbon which was protected by strong fortifications. Why religious compromise was so difficult. As such, I disagree with the statement. JPs provided the able-bodied with raw materials (like wool) to make items to sell. King Philip of Spain sent an. As the closest person to God in the eyes of the Catholics, obeying the Pope was of paramount importance and this meant Elizabeth had to be suspicious of other Catholic threats at home. In 1568 Elizabeth also controversially stole gold from Spanish ships (which was loaned from Genoese banks to fund the Spanish army, against the Dutch rebels) that were staying at English ports. Am I doing my History A-Level coursework correctly? Cleopatra, Queen Victoria and many more. After inheriting the throne from her sister Mary I, Elizabeth was 300,000 in debt. This risked provoking King Phillip further and to avoid this, Elizabeth forced Dudley to resign his position immediately. Another problem Elizabeth I had when she ascended to the throne in 1558 was the problems she had with illegitimacy. In all, whilst the Catholic threat was increased through Elizabeths interference with the Dutch revolt, as it incurred the anger of the Spanish, it was Mary Queen of Scots presence that emboldened the Catholic threat. Mary's Catholicism and previous alliance with France increased the threat of a French invasion in support of her, which threatened the stability of Elizabeth's kingdom. [This last point is important and often students dont embrace the anomalies for fear that it will undermine their argument. These ensured the plots were uncovered before they could be fully developed. While a baby is born at various points throughout the show, Francis is not its father. Boston Spa, Many people did not want a foreigner influencing England policy. The Spanish Armada sailed in 1588 and was completely defeated by the English. Company Reg no: 04489574. Elizabeth, however, did not sign the death warrant until February 1587. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Marys presence in England posed an on-going threat as she had a strong claim to the throne herself. Between the period between 1577 and 1580, Drake sailed around the world and carried out a number of raids on Spanish settlements and ships. The plots involved European conspirators and were supported by France, Spain and even the Pope. Spain and France were also involved in these plots and so there was always the danger of a foriegn invasion. Elizabeth's greatest problem in 1558 was the threat of invasion. Pick a key scene from the story and tell it from the third-person limited point of view, through Doodle's senses and feelings. The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help). He plotted a Spanish invasion of England, which would involve the killing of Elizabeth and the placing of Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne. Register for free, Home / Those who refused this were sent to prison. However, the Privy Council had put huge pressure on Elizabeth to marry and urged her to take a husband in late 1559, which suggests that the Privy Council would have agreed on a suitor had there been someone suitable as they realised the importance of securing a Protestant English throne and the Tudor dynasty, and perhaps it was this lack of a suitable suitor that caused Elizabeth to remain . Become a Member | [Referencing this date is very good, because it demonstrates to the examiner awareness of WHY the question includes this date in the first place. The Council was controlled by southern Protestants and this caused resentment by the northern nobles. This peace treaty between England and France ended the war inherited by Elizabeth from her half-sister Mary I, who went to war alongside her Spanish husband Philip II in 1557. Spanish invasion plans. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. [Clear link back to the question at the end of the paragraph here.]. There was broad support for the new Settlement and very few refused to take the oath of loyalty to the queen. Good explanation and link back to the question here at the end of the paragraph.]. Despite the failure of 1585, another attempt to colonise Virginia took place. to answer the Section Focus Question: A number of Catholic plots to remove Elizabeth in the 1570s and 1580s had his involvement although he was reluctant and half-hearted in their execution. LS23 6AD The Throckmorton plot was a conspiracy to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots in 1583. Throckmorton was tortured and although he confessed, was then killed. The death of Spains leading admiral, Santa Cruz, in February 1588, led to the appointment of the inexperienced Duke of Medina Sidonia to lead the Spanish Armada. In 1558, the same year Elizabeth became Queen of England, a number of Financial Weakness She was 300,000 in debt. 2. The most important reason however was a combination of Marys arrival and the Popes interference. Queen Elizabeth showed no mercy to the rebels and the Earl of Northumberland along with 400 rebel troops were executed while the Earl of Westmorland fled abroad. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis of April 1559 between Spain and France was meant to be the start of lasting peace between the two. Looking back at historical examples, it might be because they did a . Elizabeth's parents, Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Level 4 is about analysis supported by a detailed line of reasoning, so embracing counter-arguments like this are encouraged (so long as they can be explained).]. This was a huge sum of money, especially when you consider the annual income of the Crown was approximately 286,000. Elizabeth had also claimed all the profits from copper mines that were discovered in his estates which meant he lost a significant amount of money too. Mary served as a permanent reminder at home and abroad that there was a legitimate Catholic heir to the throne and, with the Popes blessing, willing Catholic rebels could convince themselves they were doing Gods work. The Duke of Norfolk was arrested and executed however Mary was not punished beyond her supervision being made tighter. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 3rd point + evidence, - However Elizabeth was also faced with threats about her legitimacy and gender, "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 3rd explanation. Many of the rebel troops deserted while the two Earls fled to Scotland. The threat posed by the pretenders Perkin Warbeck and Lambert Simnel. No Payment details required and completelyRisk Free. Spain depended on large ships which were heavy and difficult to handle whereas the English built long, narrow ships that were faster and easier to handle. [The importance of dates and chronology help demonstrate the long- term impact of Marys presence, which helps support the initial judgement.]. The plan was that 130 ships (equipped with 2431 guns) would sail along the Channel to the Netherlands, where they would pick up 27,000 troops, led by the Duke of Parma. At the start of her reign in 1558, Elizabeth faced many problems it was a very tumultuous time for her. Abroad, however, was another matter as Marys execution inflamed Catholic opposition and increased the threat of foreign invasion. (1583) was a threat to Queen Elizabeth. The powerful countries in Europe at that time - France and Spain - were Catholic and the plots against Elizabeth often . Time line for foreign policy 1559- 1571. She's regarded as one of the greatest monarchs of England. The invasion would include the murder of Elizabeth and the placing of Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne. The raid on Cadiz proved to be a major setback for King Phillips plans to invade England and delayed the Armada by more than a year. This meant two of the most powerful European nations were now united against Protestantism, placing Elizabeth in a precarious position. - large religious threat as shows the chance of invasion increased due to the fact Spain and France could unite together against England. Describe two features of the threats posed to Elizabeth in 1558 3. The ships that did manage to make the journey back ran short of supplies, and many men died of starvation and disease. One way in which Mary was central to the Catholic threat was through her part in various plots to overthrow Elizabeth. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - conclusion. Mary Queen of Scots was married to . Copy. The plots to overthrow Elizabeth failed for a number of reasons such as: In 1568, the Queens Spymaster, Francis Walsingham used his spy network to prove that Mary had supported the Babington Plot. Elizabeth delayed the opening of this Parliament that had originally been summoned in the autumn of 1588 in response to the defeat of the Spanish Armada for as long as she could afford to, knowing that the Commons would be eager to broach two topics, religious debates and foreign policy, that she usually reserved to her prerogative. He was a protestant and head of his country; however England viewed Sweden as a mediocre power and not a nation to be linked with in marriage. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 2nd point + evidence. The Netherlands had been part of the Spanish empire since the 1550s. [This is a confident answer because it selects two reasons and links them together, showing a clear conceptual focus as well as wide-ranging knowledge]. However, to say therefore increasing involvement was the responsibility of Elizabeth alone would be wrong. In 1570, Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth, encouraging Catholics everywhere to rise up and depose the heretic queen. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! In 1569, one of the wealthiest landowners in England, the Duke of Norfolk concocted a plan to marry Mary, Queen of Scots and have her recognised as Elizabeths heir. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. The New World, privateering and the significance of the activities of Sir Francis Drake. Many colonists this time were poverty-stricken Londoners (it was felt they would be used to hard work and would therefore be happy to work for a new life in the New World). With the Popes blessing, foreign Catholic priests were smuggled into England with the sole purpose of continuing recusancy amongst the English Catholics and undermining the influence of Protestantism. English canons could also be reloaded more quickly than the Spanish ones allowing them to inflict greater damage. Elizabeth had taken the decision to arrest any Catholic bishops that did not accept her authority as sovereign over them. The plots were often uncovered due to Elizabeths informants and Walsinghams highly efficient spy network. It had to deal with Irish . Te Deums were sung in churches, bonfires lit, and "their was shott at the Tower that night above two thousand . 2) This war was not a success. This was viewed as significant because it was seen as a means to increase trade, to expand Protestantism and to use the area as a base for attacks on Spanish colonies in the New World. If those Catholics decided to rebel against . When are the GCSE exams for 2020?Which exam board are you studying? The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help).